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#include <iostream>
#include <stdio.h>
using namespace std;
unsigned int calc(unsigned int k, unsigned int n) 
{
        if( n == 0) 
                return 0;
        if( k%4 == 2 || k%4 == 3)
                return n;
        return calc( (k+3)/4, n-1 ); 
}
int main()
{
    int T;
    scanf("%d\n",&T);
    while(T--){
        unsigned int k,n;
        scanf("%d%d",&k,&n);
        printf( "%d\n", calc(k,n));
    }
       return 0;
}
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