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#include<bits/stdc++.h>
using namespace std;
int main()
{
    int n,i,T;
    cin>>T;
    while(T--)
    {
        cin>>i>>n;
        while(i%4!=2&&i%4!=3&&n)
        {
            --n;
            i=ceil(i/4.0);
        }
        cout<<n<<endl;
    }
    return 0;
}
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